Global Gemstone Certification
Sapphire
Sapphire
As with ruby, a sapphire is a form of corundum. Typically blue, other colors are found in the world, including those that have yellow or orange hues. Highly popular, this gemstone is hard, durable and stunning in appearance. A precious gemstone, it does have trace amounts of a variety of elements including magnesium, vanadium, and iron. There is also color-change sapphire. The name of this type of gemstone is derived from the fact that it will provide different colors in certain light. It is exceptionally rare.
Chemical Formula |
Al2O3 |
Color |
White, Colorless, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Brown, Pink, Purple, Gray, Black, Multicolored |
Hardness |
9 |
Crystal System |
Hexagonal |
Refractive Index |
1.76 – 1.77 |
SG |
3.9 – 4.1 |
Transparency |
Transparent to opaque |
Double Refraction |
.0008 |
Luster |
Vitreous to adamantine |
Cleavage |
None, but may exhibit parting |
Mineral Class |
Corundum |